In this case ... they started at the top

of the cliff and carved down ...

then created the inner spaces.

This shot  was taken from the very top of the uncarved cliff face

  ( which you can see in the previous photo ).

As you can tell ... these next 2 shots were taken

 from different levels above the  "floor".

                                Our hotel grounds

Burial  place of Vasco De Gamma.

Buried here in 1524 .. & his remains were moved to Portugal

14 years later

CHINESE  FISHING  NETS

The nets were brought to  Kochi 

by Chinese traders  from  Kublai  Khan's  court.